Gender diversity and earnings management behaviours in an emerging market: a comparison between regression analysis and FSQCA

The study explores the relationship between gender diversity board (GDB) and earnings management (EM) with state-ownership (SOE) firm growth as moderating factors. Based on data of 404 Vietnamese listed firms in 2015–2019, feasible generalized least squares (FGLS) method further tests are employed to confirm results. Furthermore, this research compares results multiple regression analysis (MRA) a recently developed panel fuzzy-set qualitative comparative technique (fsQCA). findings suggest that women (WOB) is negatively related accrual based (AEM), while positive relationships found real (REM) one. Besides, have high proportion SOE reduce monitoring role WOB detering EM. For companies had increase revenue, shows insignificant AEM well REM, respectively. fsQCA highlight configuration WOB, SOE, FG, other characteristic proxies lead EM’s behavior. In short, revenue expansion validated. This adds scholarly literature accounting corporate governance (CG) by providing empirical evidence from context an emerging market, Vietnam.